They sip water from damp patches for hydration and feed on nectar from flowers, from which they obtain sugars for energy, and and other minerals vital for reproduction. Has been observed for at least one species of butterfly.Adult butterflies consume only liquids, ingested through the proboscis. Butterfly eggs vary greatly in size and shape between species, but are usually upright and finely sculptured. Each egg contains a number of tiny funnel-shaped openings at one end, called micropyles the purpose of these holes is to allow sperm to enter and fertilize the egg. This is lined with a thin coating of wax which prevents the egg from drying out before the larva has had time to fully develop. A butterfly laying eggs underneath the leafButterfly eggs are protected by a hard-ridged outer layer of shell, called the chorion. In the genera, and Parnassius, a small number of species are known that reproduce when the female dies, a partially developed larva emerges from her abdomen. The male passes a to the female to reduce sperm competition, he may cover her with his scent, or in some species such as the Apollos ( ) to prevent her from mating again.The vast majority of butterflies have a four-stage life cycle, (caterpillar), (chrysalis) and (adult). Simple photoreceptor cells located at the genitals are important for this and other adult behaviours.
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